At the risk of stating the obvious, there are two elements which determine whether a penalty is converted or not: The taker's accuracy and the keeper's attempt to save. My point is that by aiming for that part of the goal which the keeper physically cannot reach (for a well-struck shot), the taker may completely eliminate the latter.
As for the "unsaveable" section of the goal, I'm not talking about an inch or two inside the upright and bar. The goal area is 8 foot by eight yards i.e. 192 square feet. At a very rough guess, I'd say 15% of the goal qualifies i.e. almost 30 square feet. Considering that this is equally divided between the two top corners, that should be enough for a professional to hit more regularly than the present conversion rate, which I believe to be less than 80%*.
Consider David Beckham, for example. He must practice those curling, long-range free kicks for hours on end. Yet how many does he actually score each season? Three or four max (?), from a number of attempts in double figures. Whereas, most teams will get at least three or four penalties a season, the top teams considerably more (spend more time in opposition's area). By missing one in four penalties, they're squandering what must be an easier chance (statistically) than free-kicks at goal from outside the area. How many penalties had Beckham missed? It's at least two for England alone.
And if the taker is aiming for a spot that he knows the keeper can't reach, that should help to remove some of the mental pressure on him. Add to this the fact that the taker still has a choice of which top corner he opts for, then even if the keeper is somehow superhuman with his leap (or more likely, the kick is not struck hard enough), he (the keeper) still has a 50-50 chance of going the right way.
* - Remember that of the 80%-odd of penalties which do go in, at least some of these will have been top corner i.e. the percentage of missed penalties which are not top-corner must actually be higher than 20% of the overall total.
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